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Blair
County, Pennsylvania, formed in 1771, lies in the Central
Region of the state. The County's population (over 129,000 according
to the Census 2000) stretches over 527 square miles of land. The county
seat is Hollidaysburg,
a lovely small town with just over 5,000 residents. Twenty-eight other
towns and townships make up Blair County, with interesting names like Puzzletown,
which is found at the foot of Blue Mountain, the second tallest mountain in Pennsylvania.
Blair County lies on the Allegheny
Front, the eastern edge of the Appalachian
Mountains. Other intriguingly named towns are Roaring
Spring,
Tunnelhill and Freedom
Township. These quaint villages all have less than 3,000 residents.
By
far, the most populated city in Blair County is Altoona.
Settled in the mid 1700's, it dislodged the original Iroquois residents.
Many stockades and forts were built throughout the County for protection from
the Indians, including Fort
Roberdeau, also known as the 'Lead Mine Fort' due to its valued protection
of the lead mining operations in Sinking Stream Valley. A fascinating
place to visit, the fort contains many exhibits and a museum, along with an
education center and nature trails.
In
1811, the Allegheny Iron Furnace was constructed, and Blair County began to grow
and prosper. The owner of the furnace built the Baker
Mansion, still standing today as a testament to the wealth of that time, as
is the lovely Royer
Mansion. The
Pennsylvania Canal connected to Hollidaysburg in 1831. The
technological feat of constructing the Allegheny
Portage Railroad happened in 1834, crossing over the Allegheny
Mountains and opening the interior of the region to settlement and trade.
Today, the Portage Railroad is a National Historic Site, and a superb 1200-acre
park remains there, with hiking trails and many exhibits to explore.
The
city of Altoona was located on the approach to the Railroad's Horseshoe
Curve, a remarkable work of engineering, which provided an upward grade
gradual enough for heavy trains to endure. Today the curve has been
designated a National
Historic Landmark. In 1858, its construction meant that rail service
could begin to replace the canals, and Altoona's growth blossomed. As the
railroad era declined in America, Altoona has been connected to the interstate
highway system that takes its place, and remains the center for culture and
commerce in Blair County. Penn
State University calls Altoona home, and provides top-notch education for
Blair County residents.
Blair
County, Pennsylvania is an area steeped in railroad and mining history.
Full of charming, quaint villages as well as a modern city, Blair County can be
a place to step into the past, or find a new future.
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